Cortisol is measured in cases of suspected cortisol deficiency or in hypercortisolism, which means the body produces too much cortisol.
Prostate-specific antigen, or PSA, is a protein produced in the prostate gland. The prostate is a gland that men have around the urethra, between the penis and the bladder. PSA sampling can diagnose various prostate conditions.
Urea is a waste product formed when the body breaks down amino acids and proteins from the food we ingest.
The concentration of urate in the blood can increase with high alcohol consumption and overweight. High concentration of urate in the blood can cause gout.
Phosphate is needed for the regulation of cell function, activation of enzymes, and as building material for DNA.
Albumin is produced in the liver and has two important functions: regulating the body's fluid levels and transporting essential nutrients to the body's tissues. Reduced levels of albumin can be seen in conditions such as physical inactivity and malnutrition.
Cystatin C is a small protein formed in the body's cells, with the task of inhibiting the breakdown of certain proteins. Cystatin C is filtered and excreted by the kidneys, and measurement of cystatin C is therefore used to assess kidney function.
Calcium is an essential element for life. Adequate levels of calcium in the blood are essential for good bone strength, functioning muscles, and the nervous system. Sufficient calcium intake should be ensured from an early age and throughout life, as it is an effective way to prevent osteoporosis (brittle bones).
Bilirubin is a breakdown product. High levels of bilirubin can indicate that your liver is not functioning properly.
ALP is the abbreviation for the enzyme alkaline phosphatase, which is primarily found in the liver, bile ducts, and bones. It is therefore common to measure ALP when examining the health of the liver, associated bile ducts, and skeleton.
GT is one of the standard tests used to assess the health of the liver and bile ducts, especially when there is suspicion of alcohol-related health issues. More GT is produced by liver cells when they are under stress, such as in liver diseases or heavy alcohol consumption.
Homocysteine is an amino acid formed during the body's metabolism. Its level is often measured when there is suspicion of deficiency in vitamin B12, B6, and B9 (folate). In case of deficiency, the homocysteine level is elevated.